Great Smoky Mountains
National Park
By: Sandy Braswell & Jon Dyer


The Great Smoky Mountains National Park is located on the North Carolina/ Tennessee border. This unique park known for its scenic views, diverse wildlife and rare wildflowers covers 800 square miles in the southern Appalachian mountain chain. The Great Smokies are known for their biological diversity with over 10,000 species identified in the park and an estimated 90,000 species left to discover. 1,400 flowering plant species are contained in the park. The most recent ice age did not affect the park, therefore, the plant species were allowed to evolve uninterrupted for many years.
The park is now endangered by smog and pollution. Now diminished views, damaged plants, degraded soils and streams, and introduced species plague the park. Wind currents from much of the southeastern United States carry this pollution directly to the mountains.
For more information visit:
Great Smoky Mountains National Park Service
Ecosystem and species diversity are hard to separate because each ecosystem has a different species diversity, depending on environmental factors. Species diversity is also an indicator of the overall ecosystem health and structure.
This diagram from the National Park Service shows the directions that pollution in the park comes from.
This map illustrates the large size and specific location of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
For information about pollution and the political actions taken in the park go to:
Introduced species in the park have caused several problems, for more information see:
For classification of fish species in the park go to: